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Is Bundesliga under threat?


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Bayern Munich won the German Bundesliga title by a margin of 25 points from second placed Borussia Dortmund, who have been champions in the two previous seasons. Bayern finished an incredible 36 points clear of fourth placed Schalke. Critics argue the dominance of both clubs could be bad for Germany's top tier, which they say is becoming too predictable.
Bayern Munich won the German Bundesliga title by a margin of 25 points from second placed Borussia Dortmund, who have been champions in the two previous seasons. Bayern finished an incredible 36 points clear of fourth placed Schalke. Critics argue the dominance of both clubs could be bad for Germany’s top tier, which they say is becoming too predictable.

As well as domestic dominance, both clubs are excelling in European competition. Germany's top two -- Bayern and Dortmund -- will contest the Champions League final at Wembley on May 25.As well as domestic dominance, both clubs are excelling in European competition. Germany’s top two — Bayern and Dortmund — will contest the Champions League final at Wembley on May 25.

Just days before Dortmund's Champions League semifinal with Spanish giants Real Madrid it was confirmed one of their star players, Mario Gotze, would be joining Bayern next season for a deal reported to be worth $56 million. Signing one of their nearest rivals' best players should only strengthen Bayern's grip on domestic competition.Just days before Dortmund’s Champions League semifinal with Spanish giants Real Madrid it was confirmed one of their star players, Mario Gotze, would be joining Bayern next season for a deal reported to be worth $56 million. Signing one of their nearest rivals’ best players should only strengthen Bayern’s grip on domestic competition.

All-conquering Bayern, who will contest the German Cup final on June 1 as they seek an historic treble, are preparing to welcome Josep Guardiola as their new coach for next season. The former Barcelona manager won 14 trophies in a four-year spell at the Spanish giants, sparking a clamor for his signature after he spent a year out of the game.All-conquering Bayern, who will contest the German Cup final on June 1 as they seek an historic treble, are preparing to welcome Josep Guardiola as their new coach for next season. The former Barcelona manager won 14 trophies in a four-year spell at the Spanish giants, sparking a clamor for his signature after he spent a year out of the game.

German clubs are famed for being well run, creating a good atmosphere at games, with Dortmund's Westfalenstadion a case in point. Cheap tickets for standing areas play a large part in that, and Dortmund's players make a point of thanking their supporters after every game.German clubs are famed for being well run, creating a good atmosphere at games, with Dortmund’s Westfalenstadion a case in point. Cheap tickets for standing areas play a large part in that, and Dortmund’s players make a point of thanking their supporters after every game.

 All but three top-flight clubs -- Bayer Leverkusen, Wolfsburg and Hoffenheim -- are owned by supporters under the 50+1 rule, that dictates clubs must be majority owned by fans to prevent them being taken over by private investors. The last vote on changing the 50+1 rule came back in 2009 and only Hannover 96 voted to scrap it. Here Hamburg fans hold up banners at a recent Bundesliga match against Hannover that reads: Us for you, you for us. All but three top-flight clubs — Bayer Leverkusen, Wolfsburg and Hoffenheim — are owned by supporters under the 50+1 rule, that dictates clubs must be majority owned by fans to prevent them being taken over by private investors. The last vote on changing the “50+1″ rule came back in 2009 and only Hannover 96 voted to scrap it. Here Hamburg fans hold up banners at a recent Bundesliga match against Hannover that reads: “Us for you, you for us.”

There are exceptions lower down the leagues too. In 2009, soft drinks giant Red Bull bought the license of German fifth division club SSV Markranstdt to create Rasen Ballsport Leipzig. The aim was to make the top tier -- the Bundesliga -- within 10 years. Leipzig will contest a playoff to make the third division in June.There are exceptions lower down the leagues too. In 2009, soft drinks giant Red Bull bought the license of German fifth division club SSV Markranstädt to create Rasen Ballsport Leipzig. The aim was to make the top tier — the Bundesliga — within 10 years. Leipzig will contest a playoff to make the third division in June.

Red Bull was prevented from attaching its brand name to the club so settled for calling it Rasen Ballsport Leipzig, shortened to RB Leipzig so as to carry the energy drink firm's initials. Red Bull was prevented from attaching its brand name to the club so settled for calling it Rasen Ballsport Leipzig, shortened to RB Leipzig so as to carry the energy drink firm’s initials.

The club moved from its old home to the newly-built Red Bull Arena in 2010. It is the fifth soccer team in the company's portfolio.The club moved from its old home to the newly-built Red Bull Arena in 2010. It is the fifth soccer team in the company’s portfolio.

Reports estimate that Red Bull is prepared to pump $128 million into the club. A new training center and youth academy, currently being built, will open in 2015 at a cost of $45 million.Reports estimate that Red Bull is prepared to pump $128 million into the club. A new training center and youth academy, currently being built, will open in 2015 at a cost of $45 million.


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(CNN) — Most fans would agree that a great football league needs some key ingredients: skilful players, excitement and drama on the pitch; and off the field, passionate supporters and owners who love and understand the game.

But these days soccer is also about big business, million-dollar deals and billionaire benefactors lining up to plow money into the game.

Those seeking a balance between these sometimes awkward bedfellows will often point to Germany and the Bundesliga. With two clubs in Saturday’s Champions League final at London’s Wembley Stadium, high attendances, keenly-priced season tickets, equitable club ownership and the national team on an upward trajectory, German football appears to be in rude health. But is it?

In the domestic Bundesliga, Bayern finished 25 points clear of Dortmund and 36 points ahead of fourth-placed Schalke 04. If Manchester United’s path to the English Premier League title looked like a cakewalk, the German champions could have taken the entire dessert trolley along with them.

Arguably the competition is beginning to resemble anything but.

Writing in the German tabloid Bild last month, Bayern’s former goalkeeper Oliver Kahn expressed fears that the domination of the Munich club and Dortmund — Bundesliga champions in 2011 and 2012 — is here to stay, and that the gulf at the top could widen even further in the future.

Even Dortmund’s manager Jürgen Klopp has remarked that the league is in danger of becoming boring.


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Arguably Dortmund were unable to mount an effective challenge this season as they saved their best performances for the Champions League.

But the brilliance of both Bayern and Dortmund in their respective semifinal wins against Real Madrid and Barcelona suggests the Bundesliga needs to be wary of an emerging duopoly.

Read: Bayern give Heynckes winning Bundesliga farewell

It’s not hard to see why Bayern and Dortmund have become so omnipotent both at home and abroad.

“Two great managers, two teams that almost mirror each other in the way they play, the way they attack, the way they defend without the ball,” former Bayern midfielder Owen Hargreaves told CNN.

“Bayern have only conceded something like 15 goals, which is ridiculous in a full season,” he added.

“At Dortmund, the average age is 23, and I think Jürgen Klopp has done such a remarkable job to take that group of players and virtually dominate some terrific European teams.”

Yet among German fans there are concerns.

“Of course the current situation could become unhealthy,” said Stuart Dykes, a Schalke season ticket-holder since 1988, and a supporter liaison officer at fan engagement body, Supporters Direct.

“Even Bayern, while obviously delighted to have won the title so comfortably, have talked about it not being in their interests to do it every year. Ultimately the overall product of German football would suffer.”

Dortmund revival

Not content with running away with the Bundesliga this season, Bayern are already laying plans to dominate next season, notably with the appointment of former Barca coach Pep Guardiola — who guided the Catalonia club to 14 trophies in four years — to take over from Jupp Heynckes.

Dortmund’s hopes of catching Bayern next season have been further jeopardized by the loss of playmaker Mario Gotze, who recently agreed to join the Munich club at the end of this season in a $56 million deal.


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Rumors of a Bayern bid for the Bundesliga’s second-highest scorer Robert Lewandowski, whose four goals against Real Madrid in the semis propelled Dortmund to Wembley, suggest a strategy centered on dismantling their only rivals’ chances before next season has even begun.

Read: English Premier League should follow Bundesliga example

The consolation for Dortmund fans is that at least the club has some money to spend to try to keep pace.

Eight years ago it was on the brink of financial ruin, missing rent payments on its stadium and facing crippling losses.

Extraordinarily, a loan from Bayern played a part in Dortmund’s survival — with $2.5 million handed over to help stave off bankruptcy.

Dortmund’s path back to solvency and success has been paved by Klopp’s highly astute signings, such as Poland striker Lewandowski, as well as his trust in talented graduates from the club’s youth academy, like midfielder Nuri Sahin.

But it has been the club’s willingness to part with its top players at the height of their value that has restored Dortmund’s financial health.

Shinji Kagawa, signed for just $300,000 from the Japanese second division, was sold to Manchester United for $17 million, while Sahin joined Real Madrid for $12.8 million.

“Obviously (Dortmund and Bayern) have the power and the money to buy the best players as Bayern has done again; they’ve signed Götze for £37 million, and you know, the rich get richer, and that’s just the way that football works,” said Hargreaves.

“People can argue that’s not fair, but they paid a lot of money to Dortmund — and they can invest that money in younger players.”

Read: Bayern complete rout of Barcelona

In England, the Premier League has taken a laissez-faire approach to regulating clubs’ finances.

Alongside huge television deals — the latest of which could see a record £5.5 billion ($8.3 billion) windfall in broadcasting income — extraordinarily wealthy owners such as Chelsea’s Roman Abramovich and Sheikh Mansour at Manchester City have been allowed to spend big for success.

But the model in Germany is very different.


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Bayern Munich puts a hurt on Barcelona

Under the league’s “50+1″ rule, Bundesliga clubs must be controlled by their members — with at least 50% of shares, plus one, in their hands.

This means a club cannot be taken over by private investors. At the last vote on changing this rule, back in 2009, only Hannover 96 voted to scrap it.

The German system is geared towards preventing the influence of a rich benefactor from skewing the competition, but some argue that it will only serve to perpetuate the status quo.

Hannover has now won concessions in its attempt to change the “50+1″ rule, and these will allow sponsors with a long-term relationship with a club — more than 20 years — to take a stake in it.

However club fans are already protesting about these changes, perhaps anxious at the advantage such a move might give their rivals.

“The next five years will be interesting,” said Dykes. “The rules have had exceptions to allow for the different ownership structures of teams like Bayer Leverkusen and Vfl Wolfsburg, but Hannover has argued that this leaves them at a disadvantage, and you can see why.”

Read: Football enters space age with ‘Footbonaut’

But how is a booming Bundesliga affecting German football further down the feeding chain?

In the former East Germany, far from the country’s football powerbase, one lowly team’s fortunes are being transformed by Austrian soft drink company Red Bull’s takeover.

In 2009, Rasen Ballsport Leipzig (better known as RB Leipzig) became the fourth club in Red Bull’s football portfolio, alongside Red Bull Salzburg of Austria, Red Bull Brasil, and the New York Red Bulls of the American MLS.

Formerly known as SSV Markranstädt, league regulations prevent the club using the Red Bull brand in its name, so it settled on RB Leipzig instead; but there is no ambiguity over the power driving it forward, with a reported planned $128 million investment to take the club to the Bundesliga by 2017.

After promotion in its first season, followed by two years in German football’s fourth tier, its plans look to be on track as the club prepares to contest the playoffs for another promotion in June.


2012: Football gloom in Munich

Cristiano Ronaldo had a wonderful chance to put Real in front early on but sent his volley straight at Dortmund keeper Roman Weidenfeller.Cristiano Ronaldo had a wonderful chance to put Real in front early on but sent his volley straight at Dortmund keeper Roman Weidenfeller.

Mesut Ozil reacts after missing a glorious opportunity to give Real the lead after breaking clear of the Dortmund defense only to drill his effort wide of the post.Mesut Ozil reacts after missing a glorious opportunity to give Real the lead after breaking clear of the Dortmund defense only to drill his effort wide of the post.

Substitute Karim Benzema finally made the breakthrough in the 82nd minute when he slotted home Ozil's pass from close-range to make it 1-0 on the night and 2-4 on aggregate.Substitute Karim Benzema finally made the breakthrough in the 82nd minute when he slotted home Ozil’s pass from close-range to make it 1-0 on the night and 2-4 on aggregate.

Sergio Ramos set up a nervous finale when he rifled home with two minutes of normal time remaining. That strike left Real needing one more to pull off an unlikely comeback.Sergio Ramos set up a nervous finale when he rifled home with two minutes of normal time remaining. That strike left Real needing one more to pull off an unlikely comeback.

Real piled forward in search of a dramatic winner but not even the mercurial Ronaldo could find that elusive third goal.Real piled forward in search of a dramatic winner but not even the mercurial Ronaldo could find that elusive third goal.

Dortmund manager Jurgen Klopp celebrates with his players following the 2-0 defeat which allowed his side to qualify for the final 4-3 on aggregate. It is the first time since 1997 that Dortmund has reached the final when it defeated Juventus 3-1.Dortmund manager Jurgen Klopp celebrates with his players following the 2-0 defeat which allowed his side to qualify for the final 4-3 on aggregate. It is the first time since 1997 that Dortmund has reached the final when it defeated Juventus 3-1.

Dortmund will face either Barcelona or Bayern Munich at Wembley on May 25. Bayern, which has already won the Bundesliga title, will take a 4-0 lead into the second leg at the Camp No Wednesday.Dortmund will face either Barcelona or Bayern Munich at Wembley on May 25. Bayern, which has already won the Bundesliga title, will take a 4-0 lead into the second leg at the Camp No Wednesday.


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Close but not close enough for RealClose but not close enough for Real

Olivier Giroud gave Arsenal the perfect start when he slammed home from close-range after Theo Walcott had got in behind the Bayern defense. Following a 3-1 defeat in the first leg, Arsenal needed a fast start and it got it. Olivier Giroud gave Arsenal the perfect start when he slammed home from close-range after Theo Walcott had got in behind the Bayern defense. Following a 3-1 defeat in the first leg, Arsenal needed a fast start and it got it.

Arjen Robben was a constant danger to the Arsenal defense and kept the visiting players busy as Bayern looked for an equalizer.Arjen Robben was a constant danger to the Arsenal defense and kept the visiting players busy as Bayern looked for an equalizer.

Bayern, which is 20 points clear at the top of the Bundesliga, had not suffered a defeat since October 28 in any competition. Its frustration was clear to see with striker Mario Mandzukic aggrieved with his side's showing.Bayern, which is 20 points clear at the top of the Bundesliga, had not suffered a defeat since October 28 in any competition. Its frustration was clear to see with striker Mario Mandzukic aggrieved with his side’s showing.

With just four minutes of normal time remaining, Arsenal grabs its second goal to set up a thrilling finale thanks to Laurent Koscielny's header. The Frenchman headed home to leave Bayern clinging on.With just four minutes of normal time remaining, Arsenal grabs its second goal to set up a thrilling finale thanks to Laurent Koscielny’s header. The Frenchman headed home to leave Bayern clinging on.

Bayern Munich duo Philipp Lahm and Thomas Muller look relieved after the 2-0 home defeat, a result which takes the German side through on away goals following a 3-3 overall draw.Bayern Munich duo Philipp Lahm and Thomas Muller look relieved after the 2-0 home defeat, a result which takes the German side through on away goals following a 3-3 overall draw.

Malaga's Javier Saviola goes up against Porto's Alex Sandro with the Spanish club aiming to overturn a one-goal deficit from the first leg. Malaga’s Javier Saviola goes up against Porto’s Alex Sandro with the Spanish club aiming to overturn a one-goal deficit from the first leg.

Just two minutes before the break, Malaga made the breakthrough when talented midfielder Isco collected Manuel Iturra's pass and fired an unstoppable effort into the top corner.Just two minutes before the break, Malaga made the breakthrough when talented midfielder Isco collected Manuel Iturra’s pass and fired an unstoppable effort into the top corner.

Substitute Roque Santa Cruz netted a 77th minute winner to make it 2-0 on the night and send Malaga through 2-1 on aggregate. Substitute Roque Santa Cruz netted a 77th minute winner to make it 2-0 on the night and send Malaga through 2-1 on aggregate.

Malaga's players celebrate at the final whistle following the 2-0 win over Porto -- a result which secured a 2-1 aggregate victory overall and its place in the quarterfinals for the first time in its history.Malaga’s players celebrate at the final whistle following the 2-0 win over Porto — a result which secured a 2-1 aggregate victory overall and its place in the quarterfinals for the first time in its history.


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Bayern clings onBayern clings on

The club’s stadium, the impressive 45,000 capacity Red Bull Arena, is certainly ready.

“We accept this rule,” said RB Liepzig’s managing director Ulrich Wolter, referring to the “50+1″ rule.

“The intention of the rule is to secure the league’s integrity against short-term investment, I think everyone understands that.”

However, Wolter is frustrated at the resistance to RB Leipzig’s owners.

“Red Bull is not a Russian oligarch, or an Arabian sheikh,” he said. “We’ve shown elsewhere that we’re about a strong, sustainable investment and commitment.

“Why is our way the wrong way? What is the difference between our approach and a club with 50 different sponsors delivering the same thing?”

Even so RB Leipzig’s new investors have encountered resistance.

The pitch at its former stadium was attacked with weed killer not long after the takeover, and fans of other clubs can be less than welcoming.

“It’s getting better,” says Wolter. “We’re proud of our family and spectators. We don’t have ‘ultras’ and we don’t need them. It’s a friendly family atmosphere here, with men, women, children, pensioners, it’s a different way.”

Germany’s often raucous fans are, however, part of the fabric of the Bundesliga experience.

The biggest obstacle to change in Germany may come from those very supporters, many of whom view the English Premier League with disdain, given that they see themselves at the center of a club’s structures.

The Bundesliga boasts some of the world’s finest stadia, and its commitment to safe standing areas has helped enable clubs to keep prices low, as well as creating the boisterously vibrant atmosphere that characterizes top-flight games.

But while the cheapest season tickets represent superb value, if fans turn on match day looking for tickets then the story is rather different. “People are always talking about cheap tickets, but it’s misleading,” says Dykes.

The Footbonaut -- is a robotic cage which footballers can use to improve passing, spatial awareness and control. The machine is being used by German champions Borussia Dortmund.The “Footbonaut” — is a robotic cage which footballers can use to improve passing, spatial awareness and control. The machine is being used by German champions Borussia Dortmund.

Once inside the Footbonaut, a player is fed balls by eight different machines and then has deliver the ball to one of the 72 panels - - which is indciated by a flashing green light -- that make up the space-age contraption before they receive another ball. This picture shows Dortmund's German star Mario Gotze testing himself against the machine.Once inside the “Footbonaut”, a player is fed balls by eight different machines and then has deliver the ball to one of the 72 panels – – which is indciated by a flashing green light — that make up the space-age contraption before they receive another ball. This picture shows Dortmund’s German star Mario Gotze testing himself against the machine.

German coach Jurgen Klopp has overseen Dortmund's recent domination of German football. Dortmund have won the Bundesliga in each of the last two seasons, winning plaudits for the adventurous style of play. Klopp's team also currently sit top of a European Champions League group containing Real Madrid, Manchester City and Ajax.German coach Jurgen Klopp has overseen Dortmund’s recent domination of German football. Dortmund have won the Bundesliga in each of the last two seasons, winning plaudits for the adventurous style of play. Klopp’s team also currently sit top of a European Champions League group containing Real Madrid, Manchester City and Ajax.

Dortmund's rise to prominence has forced their attractive young squad into the limelight. None more so than Polish striker Robert Lewandowski, who was strongly linked with a move to Manchester United earlier this year.Dortmund’s rise to prominence has forced their attractive young squad into the limelight. None more so than Polish striker Robert Lewandowski, who was strongly linked with a move to Manchester United earlier this year.

One player who did swap Dortmund for Manchester was Shinji Kagawa. The Japanese playmaker had made a promising start to his Old Trafford career before being sidelined with a knee injury last month. Another player developed by Dortmund was Nuri Sahin, the Turkish midfielder who signed for Real Madrid in 2011 before joining Liverpool on a season-long loan deal in August.One player who did swap Dortmund for Manchester was Shinji Kagawa. The Japanese playmaker had made a promising start to his Old Trafford career before being sidelined with a knee injury last month. Another player developed by Dortmund was Nuri Sahin, the Turkish midfielder who signed for Real Madrid in 2011 before joining Liverpool on a season-long loan deal in August.


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Dortmund's training pays dividendsDortmund’s training pays dividends

The Schalke Fan Feld, whose centerpiece will be a club logo made up of blue and white flowers lying between two goals, looks directly on to the Bundesliga club's home stadium - the white domed Veltins-Arena, which can be seen in the gap between the trees in this picture. The Schalke Fan Feld, whose centerpiece will be a club logo made up of blue and white flowers lying between two goals, looks directly on to the Bundesliga club’s home stadium – the white domed Veltins-Arena, which can be seen in the gap between the trees in this picture.

Schalke fans are known as some of the most passionate in German football. Schalke fans are known as some of the most passionate in German football.

The cemetery will only have space for 1,904 graves -- reflecting the year of Schalke's foundation -- and the club says there will not be another site when the entire allocation is taken up. The cemetery will only have space for 1,904 graves — reflecting the year of Schalke’s foundation — and the club says there will not be another site when the entire allocation is taken up.

Schalke's on-field fortunes have improved in recent years to the point where they have brought in leading strikers Raul Gonzalez, who left the club earlier this year, and current Dutch striker Klaas-Jan Huntelaar. Schalke’s on-field fortunes have improved in recent years to the point where they have brought in leading strikers Raul Gonzalez, who left the club earlier this year, and current Dutch striker Klaas-Jan Huntelaar.

The cemetery will be laid out in the shape of a stadium, with the miniature pitch located at the centre. The cemetery will be laid out in the shape of a stadium, with the miniature pitch located at the centre.

The pitch will feature the Schalke logo, made up of blue and white flowers, with a goal at each end and benches in the middle of those. The “pitch” will feature the Schalke logo, made up of blue and white flowers, with a goal at each end and benches in the middle of those.

Schalke's Veltins-Arena was built in the run-up to the 2006 World Cup and can hold over 65,000 fans. Schalke’s Veltins-Arena was built in the run-up to the 2006 World Cup and can hold over 65,000 fans.


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From the cradle to the graveFrom the cradle to the grave

“Of course standing tickets are cheap, as you would expect; but once these go, and they’re usually in demand, the ticket prices are broadly comparable to those in England.”

In fact, at $88 the most expensive match-day ticket for Bayern is the same as that at Manchester City, for example — and $9 more expensive than at Manchester United.

Read: Bayern coach celebrates 1,000 games

This year, partly in response to incidents of crowd trouble at games, there have even been whispers that the prized standing areas could be abolished.

“Standing is vital to low ticket prices, but also the atmosphere and the overall product of German football,” said a skeptical Dykes.

“The league realizes that and I can’t see the standing areas being given up. It would be difficult under German federal law to ‘ban’ them anyway, so I just can’t see it happening.”

The worry for other Bundesliga clubs must be that the success of Dortmund and Bayern could put them out of sight in the financial and playing stakes; last year Chelsea received an estimated $77 million from winning the Champions League, while beaten finalist Bayern pocketed $53.65 million.

Youth and prudence

However, the notion that a couple of teams might dominate their league is not confined to Germany.

“Spain’s that way, the last three or four years the third or fourth place team, they still play Champions League and they’re 30 points behind,” said Hargreaves.

“A lot of people in Germany love Bayern and love Dortmund, in the same way as people (in England) love Manchester United or Chelsea,” he added, “but there are a lot of people who root for the underdog as well. So I think, in a way, it’s a fair balance.”

Read: Why Guardiola will make Bayern better

And Dykes remains unconvinced that a tipping point has been reached.

“It’s too early to be talking about a duopoly,” he said. “Success comes and goes. If we’re still talking about those two in a few years’ time, or Bayern are still miles ahead, then it would be a worry.

“People look at that possibility and of course it could be bad, but why would it happen? Bayern have always spent big; Dortmund is an exceptional team, but where will they be in three years?

“Players lose form, get injured, things can change quite quickly. I’m not worried.”

For Wolter, the key to success lies in a combination of youth and prudence.

“You look at a team like Freiburg, they have a good academy, a good coach; it’s still possible (to be successful). The new television contract has also given clubs more money … and these academies are profit centers,” he says. “But it’s not all about money. It’s also about education, good background work.”

Nevertheless, as Bayern and Dortmund take the field at Wembley, some may be wondering if, as well as a moment of national pride, this game might also mark a less welcome watershed in German football.


Article source: http://edition.cnn.com/2013/05/21/sport/football/champions-league-final-dortmund-bayern-bundesliga/index.html?eref=edition

Article source: http://feedproxy.google.com/~r/NewsRipplesWeb/~3/5IwjJ0Uco7Y/is-bundesliga-under-threat

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Double trouble for Bundesliga?


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Bayern Munich won the German Bundesliga title by a margin of 25 points from second placed Borussia Dortmund, who have been champions in the two previous seasons. Bayern finished an incredible 36 points clear of fourth placed Schalke. Critics argue the dominance of both clubs could be bad for Germany's top tier, which they say is becoming too predictable.
Bayern Munich won the German Bundesliga title by a margin of 25 points from second placed Borussia Dortmund, who have been champions in the two previous seasons. Bayern finished an incredible 36 points clear of fourth placed Schalke. Critics argue the dominance of both clubs could be bad for Germany’s top tier, which they say is becoming too predictable.

As well as domestic dominance, both clubs are excelling in European competition. Germany's top two -- Bayern and Dortmund -- will contest the Champions League final at Wembley on May 25.As well as domestic dominance, both clubs are excelling in European competition. Germany’s top two — Bayern and Dortmund — will contest the Champions League final at Wembley on May 25.

Just days before Dortmund's Champions League semifinal with Spanish giants Real Madrid it was confirmed one of their star players, Mario Gotze, would be joining Bayern next season for a deal reported to be worth $56 million. Signing one of their nearest rivals' best players should only strengthen Bayern's grip on domestic competition.Just days before Dortmund’s Champions League semifinal with Spanish giants Real Madrid it was confirmed one of their star players, Mario Gotze, would be joining Bayern next season for a deal reported to be worth $56 million. Signing one of their nearest rivals’ best players should only strengthen Bayern’s grip on domestic competition.

All-conquering Bayern, who will contest the German Cup final on June 1 as they seek an historic treble, are preparing to welcome Josep Guardiola as their new coach for next season. The former Barcelona manager won 14 trophies in a four-year spell at the Spanish giants, sparking a clamor for his signature after he spent a year out of the game.All-conquering Bayern, who will contest the German Cup final on June 1 as they seek an historic treble, are preparing to welcome Josep Guardiola as their new coach for next season. The former Barcelona manager won 14 trophies in a four-year spell at the Spanish giants, sparking a clamor for his signature after he spent a year out of the game.

German clubs are famed for being well run, creating a good atmosphere at games, with Dortmund's Westfalenstadion a case in point. Cheap tickets for standing areas play a large part in that, and Dortmund's players make a point of thanking their supporters after every game.German clubs are famed for being well run, creating a good atmosphere at games, with Dortmund’s Westfalenstadion a case in point. Cheap tickets for standing areas play a large part in that, and Dortmund’s players make a point of thanking their supporters after every game.

 All but three top-flight clubs -- Bayer Leverkusen, Wolfsburg and Hoffenheim -- are owned by supporters under the 50+1 rule, that dictates clubs must be majority owned by fans to prevent them being taken over by private investors. The last vote on changing the 50+1 rule came back in 2009 and only Hannover 96 voted to scrap it. Here Hamburg fans hold up banners at a recent Bundesliga match against Hannover that reads: Us for you, you for us. All but three top-flight clubs — Bayer Leverkusen, Wolfsburg and Hoffenheim — are owned by supporters under the 50+1 rule, that dictates clubs must be majority owned by fans to prevent them being taken over by private investors. The last vote on changing the “50+1″ rule came back in 2009 and only Hannover 96 voted to scrap it. Here Hamburg fans hold up banners at a recent Bundesliga match against Hannover that reads: “Us for you, you for us.”

There are exceptions lower down the leagues too. In 2009, soft drinks giant Red Bull bought the license of German fifth division club SSV Markranstdt to create Rasen Ballsport Leipzig. The aim was to make the top tier -- the Bundesliga -- within 10 years. Leipzig will contest a playoff to make the third division in June.There are exceptions lower down the leagues too. In 2009, soft drinks giant Red Bull bought the license of German fifth division club SSV Markranstädt to create Rasen Ballsport Leipzig. The aim was to make the top tier — the Bundesliga — within 10 years. Leipzig will contest a playoff to make the third division in June.

Red Bull was prevented from attaching its brand name to the club so settled for calling it Rasen Ballsport Leipzig, shortened to RB Leipzig so as to carry the energy drink firm's initials. Red Bull was prevented from attaching its brand name to the club so settled for calling it Rasen Ballsport Leipzig, shortened to RB Leipzig so as to carry the energy drink firm’s initials.

The club moved from its old home to the newly-built Red Bull Arena in 2010. It is the fifth soccer team in the company's portfolio.The club moved from its old home to the newly-built Red Bull Arena in 2010. It is the fifth soccer team in the company’s portfolio.

Reports estimate that Red Bull is prepared to pump $128 million into the club. A new training center and youth academy, currently being built, will open in 2015 at a cost of $45 million.Reports estimate that Red Bull is prepared to pump $128 million into the club. A new training center and youth academy, currently being built, will open in 2015 at a cost of $45 million.


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(CNN) — Most fans would agree that a great football league needs some key ingredients: skilful players, excitement and drama on the pitch; and off the field, passionate supporters and owners who love and understand the game.

But these days soccer is also about big business, million-dollar deals and billionaire benefactors lining up to plow money into the game.

Those seeking a balance between these sometimes awkward bedfellows will often point to Germany and the Bundesliga. With two clubs in Saturday’s Champions League final at London’s Wembley Stadium, high attendances, keenly-priced season tickets, equitable club ownership and the national team on an upward trajectory, German football appears to be in rude health. But is it?

In the domestic Bundesliga, Bayern finished 25 points clear of Dortmund and 36 points ahead of fourth-placed Schalke 04. If Manchester United’s path to the English Premier League title looked like a cakewalk, the German champions could have taken the entire dessert trolley along with them.

Arguably the competition is beginning to resemble anything but.

Writing in the German tabloid Bild last month, Bayern’s former goalkeeper Oliver Kahn expressed fears that the domination of the Munich club and Dortmund — Bundesliga champions in 2011 and 2012 — is here to stay, and that the gulf at the top could widen even further in the future.

Even Dortmund’s manager Jürgen Klopp has remarked that the league is in danger of becoming boring.


CNN Football Club: Bayern dominate Barca


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CNN FC: Do Bayern Munich need Guardiola?

Arguably Dortmund were unable to mount an effective challenge this season as they saved their best performances for the Champions League.

But the brilliance of both Bayern and Dortmund in their respective semifinal wins against Real Madrid and Barcelona suggests the Bundesliga needs to be wary of an emerging duopoly.

Read: Bayern give Heynckes winning Bundesliga farewell

It’s not hard to see why Bayern and Dortmund have become so omnipotent both at home and abroad.

“Two great managers, two teams that almost mirror each other in the way they play, the way they attack, the way they defend without the ball,” former Bayern midfielder Owen Hargreaves told CNN.

“Bayern have only conceded something like 15 goals, which is ridiculous in a full season,” he added.

“At Dortmund, the average age is 23, and I think Jürgen Klopp has done such a remarkable job to take that group of players and virtually dominate some terrific European teams.”

Yet among German fans there are concerns.

“Of course the current situation could become unhealthy,” said Stuart Dykes, a Schalke season ticket-holder since 1988, and a supporter liaison officer at fan engagement body, Supporters Direct.

“Even Bayern, while obviously delighted to have won the title so comfortably, have talked about it not being in their interests to do it every year. Ultimately the overall product of German football would suffer.”

Dortmund revival

Not content with running away with the Bundesliga this season, Bayern are already laying plans to dominate next season, notably with the appointment of former Barca coach Pep Guardiola — who guided the Catalonia club to 14 trophies in four years — to take over from Jupp Heynckes.

Dortmund’s hopes of catching Bayern next season have been further jeopardized by the loss of playmaker Mario Gotze, who recently agreed to join the Munich club at the end of this season in a $56 million deal.


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Rumors of a Bayern bid for the Bundesliga’s second-highest scorer Robert Lewandowski, whose four goals against Real Madrid in the semis propelled Dortmund to Wembley, suggest a strategy centered on dismantling their only rivals’ chances before next season has even begun.

Read: English Premier League should follow Bundesliga example

The consolation for Dortmund fans is that at least the club has some money to spend to try to keep pace.

Eight years ago it was on the brink of financial ruin, missing rent payments on its stadium and facing crippling losses.

Extraordinarily, a loan from Bayern played a part in Dortmund’s survival — with $2.5 million handed over to help stave off bankruptcy.

Dortmund’s path back to solvency and success has been paved by Klopp’s highly astute signings, such as Poland striker Lewandowski, as well as his trust in talented graduates from the club’s youth academy, like midfielder Nuri Sahin.

But it has been the club’s willingness to part with its top players at the height of their value that has restored Dortmund’s financial health.

Shinji Kagawa, signed for just $300,000 from the Japanese second division, was sold to Manchester United for $17 million, while Sahin joined Real Madrid for $12.8 million.

“Obviously (Dortmund and Bayern) have the power and the money to buy the best players as Bayern has done again; they’ve signed Götze for £37 million, and you know, the rich get richer, and that’s just the way that football works,” said Hargreaves.

“People can argue that’s not fair, but they paid a lot of money to Dortmund — and they can invest that money in younger players.”

Read: Bayern complete rout of Barcelona

In England, the Premier League has taken a laissez-faire approach to regulating clubs’ finances.

Alongside huge television deals — the latest of which could see a record £5.5 billion ($8.3 billion) windfall in broadcasting income — extraordinarily wealthy owners such as Chelsea’s Roman Abramovich and Sheikh Mansour at Manchester City have been allowed to spend big for success.

But the model in Germany is very different.


Gullit: Mourinho will return to Chelsea


Marcel Desailly’s Ghana regret


Bayern Munich puts a hurt on Barcelona

Under the league’s “50+1″ rule, Bundesliga clubs must be controlled by their members — with at least 50% of shares, plus one, in their hands.

This means a club cannot be taken over by private investors. At the last vote on changing this rule, back in 2009, only Hannover 96 voted to scrap it.

The German system is geared towards preventing the influence of a rich benefactor from skewing the competition, but some argue that it will only serve to perpetuate the status quo.

Hannover has now won concessions in its attempt to change the “50+1″ rule, and these will allow sponsors with a long-term relationship with a club — more than 20 years — to take a stake in it.

However club fans are already protesting about these changes, perhaps anxious at the advantage such a move might give their rivals.

“The next five years will be interesting,” said Dykes. “The rules have had exceptions to allow for the different ownership structures of teams like Bayer Leverkusen and Vfl Wolfsburg, but Hannover has argued that this leaves them at a disadvantage, and you can see why.”

Read: Football enters space age with ‘Footbonaut’

But how is a booming Bundesliga affecting German football further down the feeding chain?

In the former East Germany, far from the country’s football powerbase, one lowly team’s fortunes are being transformed by Austrian soft drink company Red Bull’s takeover.

In 2009, Rasen Ballsport Leipzig (better known as RB Leipzig) became the fourth club in Red Bull’s football portfolio, alongside Red Bull Salzburg of Austria, Red Bull Brasil, and the New York Red Bulls of the American MLS.

Formerly known as SSV Markranstädt, league regulations prevent the club using the Red Bull brand in its name, so it settled on RB Leipzig instead; but there is no ambiguity over the power driving it forward, with a reported planned $128 million investment to take the club to the Bundesliga by 2017.

After promotion in its first season, followed by two years in German football’s fourth tier, its plans look to be on track as the club prepares to contest the playoffs for another promotion in June.


2012: Football gloom in Munich

Cristiano Ronaldo had a wonderful chance to put Real in front early on but sent his volley straight at Dortmund keeper Roman Weidenfeller.Cristiano Ronaldo had a wonderful chance to put Real in front early on but sent his volley straight at Dortmund keeper Roman Weidenfeller.

Mesut Ozil reacts after missing a glorious opportunity to give Real the lead after breaking clear of the Dortmund defense only to drill his effort wide of the post.Mesut Ozil reacts after missing a glorious opportunity to give Real the lead after breaking clear of the Dortmund defense only to drill his effort wide of the post.

Substitute Karim Benzema finally made the breakthrough in the 82nd minute when he slotted home Ozil's pass from close-range to make it 1-0 on the night and 2-4 on aggregate.Substitute Karim Benzema finally made the breakthrough in the 82nd minute when he slotted home Ozil’s pass from close-range to make it 1-0 on the night and 2-4 on aggregate.

Sergio Ramos set up a nervous finale when he rifled home with two minutes of normal time remaining. That strike left Real needing one more to pull off an unlikely comeback.Sergio Ramos set up a nervous finale when he rifled home with two minutes of normal time remaining. That strike left Real needing one more to pull off an unlikely comeback.

Real piled forward in search of a dramatic winner but not even the mercurial Ronaldo could find that elusive third goal.Real piled forward in search of a dramatic winner but not even the mercurial Ronaldo could find that elusive third goal.

Dortmund manager Jurgen Klopp celebrates with his players following the 2-0 defeat which allowed his side to qualify for the final 4-3 on aggregate. It is the first time since 1997 that Dortmund has reached the final when it defeated Juventus 3-1.Dortmund manager Jurgen Klopp celebrates with his players following the 2-0 defeat which allowed his side to qualify for the final 4-3 on aggregate. It is the first time since 1997 that Dortmund has reached the final when it defeated Juventus 3-1.

Dortmund will face either Barcelona or Bayern Munich at Wembley on May 25. Bayern, which has already won the Bundesliga title, will take a 4-0 lead into the second leg at the Camp No Wednesday.Dortmund will face either Barcelona or Bayern Munich at Wembley on May 25. Bayern, which has already won the Bundesliga title, will take a 4-0 lead into the second leg at the Camp No Wednesday.


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Close but not close enough for RealClose but not close enough for Real

Olivier Giroud gave Arsenal the perfect start when he slammed home from close-range after Theo Walcott had got in behind the Bayern defense. Following a 3-1 defeat in the first leg, Arsenal needed a fast start and it got it. Olivier Giroud gave Arsenal the perfect start when he slammed home from close-range after Theo Walcott had got in behind the Bayern defense. Following a 3-1 defeat in the first leg, Arsenal needed a fast start and it got it.

Arjen Robben was a constant danger to the Arsenal defense and kept the visiting players busy as Bayern looked for an equalizer.Arjen Robben was a constant danger to the Arsenal defense and kept the visiting players busy as Bayern looked for an equalizer.

Bayern, which is 20 points clear at the top of the Bundesliga, had not suffered a defeat since October 28 in any competition. Its frustration was clear to see with striker Mario Mandzukic aggrieved with his side's showing.Bayern, which is 20 points clear at the top of the Bundesliga, had not suffered a defeat since October 28 in any competition. Its frustration was clear to see with striker Mario Mandzukic aggrieved with his side’s showing.

With just four minutes of normal time remaining, Arsenal grabs its second goal to set up a thrilling finale thanks to Laurent Koscielny's header. The Frenchman headed home to leave Bayern clinging on.With just four minutes of normal time remaining, Arsenal grabs its second goal to set up a thrilling finale thanks to Laurent Koscielny’s header. The Frenchman headed home to leave Bayern clinging on.

Bayern Munich duo Philipp Lahm and Thomas Muller look relieved after the 2-0 home defeat, a result which takes the German side through on away goals following a 3-3 overall draw.Bayern Munich duo Philipp Lahm and Thomas Muller look relieved after the 2-0 home defeat, a result which takes the German side through on away goals following a 3-3 overall draw.

Malaga's Javier Saviola goes up against Porto's Alex Sandro with the Spanish club aiming to overturn a one-goal deficit from the first leg. Malaga’s Javier Saviola goes up against Porto’s Alex Sandro with the Spanish club aiming to overturn a one-goal deficit from the first leg.

Just two minutes before the break, Malaga made the breakthrough when talented midfielder Isco collected Manuel Iturra's pass and fired an unstoppable effort into the top corner.Just two minutes before the break, Malaga made the breakthrough when talented midfielder Isco collected Manuel Iturra’s pass and fired an unstoppable effort into the top corner.

Substitute Roque Santa Cruz netted a 77th minute winner to make it 2-0 on the night and send Malaga through 2-1 on aggregate. Substitute Roque Santa Cruz netted a 77th minute winner to make it 2-0 on the night and send Malaga through 2-1 on aggregate.

Malaga's players celebrate at the final whistle following the 2-0 win over Porto -- a result which secured a 2-1 aggregate victory overall and its place in the quarterfinals for the first time in its history.Malaga’s players celebrate at the final whistle following the 2-0 win over Porto — a result which secured a 2-1 aggregate victory overall and its place in the quarterfinals for the first time in its history.


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Bayern clings onBayern clings on

The club’s stadium, the impressive 45,000 capacity Red Bull Arena, is certainly ready.

“We accept this rule,” said RB Liepzig’s managing director Ulrich Wolter, referring to the “50+1″ rule.

“The intention of the rule is to secure the league’s integrity against short-term investment, I think everyone understands that.”

However, Wolter is frustrated at the resistance to RB Leipzig’s owners.

“Red Bull is not a Russian oligarch, or an Arabian sheikh,” he said. “We’ve shown elsewhere that we’re about a strong, sustainable investment and commitment.

“Why is our way the wrong way? What is the difference between our approach and a club with 50 different sponsors delivering the same thing?”

Even so RB Leipzig’s new investors have encountered resistance.

The pitch at its former stadium was attacked with weed killer not long after the takeover, and fans of other clubs can be less than welcoming.

“It’s getting better,” says Wolter. “We’re proud of our family and spectators. We don’t have ‘ultras’ and we don’t need them. It’s a friendly family atmosphere here, with men, women, children, pensioners, it’s a different way.”

Germany’s often raucous fans are, however, part of the fabric of the Bundesliga experience.

The biggest obstacle to change in Germany may come from those very supporters, many of whom view the English Premier League with disdain, given that they see themselves at the center of a club’s structures.

The Bundesliga boasts some of the world’s finest stadia, and its commitment to safe standing areas has helped enable clubs to keep prices low, as well as creating the boisterously vibrant atmosphere that characterizes top-flight games.

But while the cheapest season tickets represent superb value, if fans turn on match day looking for tickets then the story is rather different. “People are always talking about cheap tickets, but it’s misleading,” says Dykes.

The Footbonaut -- is a robotic cage which footballers can use to improve passing, spatial awareness and control. The machine is being used by German champions Borussia Dortmund.The “Footbonaut” — is a robotic cage which footballers can use to improve passing, spatial awareness and control. The machine is being used by German champions Borussia Dortmund.

Once inside the Footbonaut, a player is fed balls by eight different machines and then has deliver the ball to one of the 72 panels - - which is indciated by a flashing green light -- that make up the space-age contraption before they receive another ball. This picture shows Dortmund's German star Mario Gotze testing himself against the machine.Once inside the “Footbonaut”, a player is fed balls by eight different machines and then has deliver the ball to one of the 72 panels – – which is indciated by a flashing green light — that make up the space-age contraption before they receive another ball. This picture shows Dortmund’s German star Mario Gotze testing himself against the machine.

German coach Jurgen Klopp has overseen Dortmund's recent domination of German football. Dortmund have won the Bundesliga in each of the last two seasons, winning plaudits for the adventurous style of play. Klopp's team also currently sit top of a European Champions League group containing Real Madrid, Manchester City and Ajax.German coach Jurgen Klopp has overseen Dortmund’s recent domination of German football. Dortmund have won the Bundesliga in each of the last two seasons, winning plaudits for the adventurous style of play. Klopp’s team also currently sit top of a European Champions League group containing Real Madrid, Manchester City and Ajax.

Dortmund's rise to prominence has forced their attractive young squad into the limelight. None more so than Polish striker Robert Lewandowski, who was strongly linked with a move to Manchester United earlier this year.Dortmund’s rise to prominence has forced their attractive young squad into the limelight. None more so than Polish striker Robert Lewandowski, who was strongly linked with a move to Manchester United earlier this year.

One player who did swap Dortmund for Manchester was Shinji Kagawa. The Japanese playmaker had made a promising start to his Old Trafford career before being sidelined with a knee injury last month. Another player developed by Dortmund was Nuri Sahin, the Turkish midfielder who signed for Real Madrid in 2011 before joining Liverpool on a season-long loan deal in August.One player who did swap Dortmund for Manchester was Shinji Kagawa. The Japanese playmaker had made a promising start to his Old Trafford career before being sidelined with a knee injury last month. Another player developed by Dortmund was Nuri Sahin, the Turkish midfielder who signed for Real Madrid in 2011 before joining Liverpool on a season-long loan deal in August.


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Dortmund's training pays dividendsDortmund’s training pays dividends

The Schalke Fan Feld, whose centerpiece will be a club logo made up of blue and white flowers lying between two goals, looks directly on to the Bundesliga club's home stadium - the white domed Veltins-Arena, which can be seen in the gap between the trees in this picture. The Schalke Fan Feld, whose centerpiece will be a club logo made up of blue and white flowers lying between two goals, looks directly on to the Bundesliga club’s home stadium – the white domed Veltins-Arena, which can be seen in the gap between the trees in this picture.

Schalke fans are known as some of the most passionate in German football. Schalke fans are known as some of the most passionate in German football.

The cemetery will only have space for 1,904 graves -- reflecting the year of Schalke's foundation -- and the club says there will not be another site when the entire allocation is taken up. The cemetery will only have space for 1,904 graves — reflecting the year of Schalke’s foundation — and the club says there will not be another site when the entire allocation is taken up.

Schalke's on-field fortunes have improved in recent years to the point where they have brought in leading strikers Raul Gonzalez, who left the club earlier this year, and current Dutch striker Klaas-Jan Huntelaar. Schalke’s on-field fortunes have improved in recent years to the point where they have brought in leading strikers Raul Gonzalez, who left the club earlier this year, and current Dutch striker Klaas-Jan Huntelaar.

The cemetery will be laid out in the shape of a stadium, with the miniature pitch located at the centre. The cemetery will be laid out in the shape of a stadium, with the miniature pitch located at the centre.

The pitch will feature the Schalke logo, made up of blue and white flowers, with a goal at each end and benches in the middle of those. The “pitch” will feature the Schalke logo, made up of blue and white flowers, with a goal at each end and benches in the middle of those.

Schalke's Veltins-Arena was built in the run-up to the 2006 World Cup and can hold over 65,000 fans. Schalke’s Veltins-Arena was built in the run-up to the 2006 World Cup and can hold over 65,000 fans.


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From the cradle to the graveFrom the cradle to the grave

“Of course standing tickets are cheap, as you would expect; but once these go, and they’re usually in demand, the ticket prices are broadly comparable to those in England.”

In fact, at $88 the most expensive match-day ticket for Bayern is the same as that at Manchester City, for example — and $9 more expensive than at Manchester United.

Read: Bayern coach celebrates 1,000 games

This year, partly in response to incidents of crowd trouble at games, there have even been whispers that the prized standing areas could be abolished.

“Standing is vital to low ticket prices, but also the atmosphere and the overall product of German football,” said a skeptical Dykes.

“The league realizes that and I can’t see the standing areas being given up. It would be difficult under German federal law to ‘ban’ them anyway, so I just can’t see it happening.”

The worry for other Bundesliga clubs must be that the success of Dortmund and Bayern could put them out of sight in the financial and playing stakes; last year Chelsea received an estimated $77 million from winning the Champions League, while beaten finalist Bayern pocketed $53.65 million.

Youth and prudence

However, the notion that a couple of teams might dominate their league is not confined to Germany.

“Spain’s that way, the last three or four years the third or fourth place team, they still play Champions League and they’re 30 points behind,” said Hargreaves.

“A lot of people in Germany love Bayern and love Dortmund, in the same way as people (in England) love Manchester United or Chelsea,” he added, “but there are a lot of people who root for the underdog as well. So I think, in a way, it’s a fair balance.”

Read: Why Guardiola will make Bayern better

And Dykes remains unconvinced that a tipping point has been reached.

“It’s too early to be talking about a duopoly,” he said. “Success comes and goes. If we’re still talking about those two in a few years’ time, or Bayern are still miles ahead, then it would be a worry.

“People look at that possibility and of course it could be bad, but why would it happen? Bayern have always spent big; Dortmund is an exceptional team, but where will they be in three years?

“Players lose form, get injured, things can change quite quickly. I’m not worried.”

For Wolter, the key to success lies in a combination of youth and prudence.

“You look at a team like Freiburg, they have a good academy, a good coach; it’s still possible (to be successful). The new television contract has also given clubs more money … and these academies are profit centers,” he says. “But it’s not all about money. It’s also about education, good background work.”

Nevertheless, as Bayern and Dortmund take the field at Wembley, some may be wondering if, as well as a moment of national pride, this game might also mark a less welcome watershed in German football.


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Rhode Island to sell Kingdoms of Amalur IP

Rhode Island to sell Kingdoms of Amalur IP

Kingdoms of Amalur: Reckoning was released in early 2012 and received a positive critical reception.


The state of Rhode Island is getting ready to sell the Kingdoms of Amalur intellectual property that it seized from bankrupt 38 Studios.

According to The Providence Journal, the lawyers holding 38 Studios in receivership have stated that there is interest in the Amalur assets and it is unable to predict exactly what their value will be.

Rhode Island is currently trying to recoup $130m in debt that was caused by 38 Studios going under in May 2012. The Amalur developer was also sued for fraud, by Rhode Island, with the state accusing the studio of knowing that it was heading for bankruptcy during loan negotiations as far back as 2010.

The game developer’s bankruptcy resulted in them owing a total of $150m to creditors, with the studio only having $20m in assets at the time. Rhode Island has managed to raise $830,000 from the sale of some of the studios’ assets so far.

38 Studios had originally been given support with the intention of kicking off a Rhode Island-based games industry and the Rhode Island Economic Development Corporation approved a $75m guaranteed loan to the developer in 2010.

The developer’s only released game, Kingdoms of Amalur: Reckoning, was released in February 2012 to a warm critical reception. The single player MMO-like game used an art direction provided by Todd McFarlane and was based on a brand new IP developed by 38 Studios.

A second title, MMO Project Copernicus, only ever saw the release of an early trailer. Former 38 Studios head Curt Schilling previously told press that it was going to be the ‘first triple-A hundred-million-dollar-plus free-to-play, micro-transaction-based MMO’.

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Where next for the ‘Special One?’


Jose Mourinho will leave Madrid at the end of the season after three years in charge

(CNN) — Jose Mourinho will leave Real Madrid at the end of the season, the nine-time European champion’s president Florentino Perez announced at a news conference on Monday.

By his own admission Mourinho, who won one La Liga crown and a Copa del Rey with Real after taking charge in 2010, has endured what he has called his “worst season” in management.

“The club and manager agree that the timing is right to bring the relationship to an end,” said Perez.

“On behalf of the board of directors, I would like to thank Jose Mourinho for all his hard work over the last three years.”

Read: PSG block Ancelotti exit amid Real rumors


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José Mourinho: ‘I hate my social life’

Mourinho will stay on for Real’s remaining league fixtures, with an away trip to Real Sociedad on May 26 and a final home game at the Bernabeu on June 1 against Osasuna.

Real will finish second in La Liga this year, trailing champions Barcelona by 12 points after 36 rounds.

The parting of ways comes three days after Mourinho was sent off as Real lost the Copa del Rey final 2-1 to Atletico Madrid, a first defeat by their neighbors in 14 years.

Real president Perez explained that the decision was a “mutual agreement”, so paving the way for Mourinho to make a return to England’s Premier League.

“I know in England I am loved,” said the Portuguese last month. “I know I am loved by some clubs, especially one.”

The 50-year-old has been heavily linked with a return to former club Chelsea, where he won two Premier League titles and one FA Cup between 2004 and 2007.

Read: Benitez delivers European glory

This year’s Europa League champions will be without a coach on June 1, with the contract for interim manager Rafa Benitez expiring at the end of May.

The decision to part ways via “mutual agreement” means neither Real nor Mourinho will have to pay one another millions of dollars in compensation had either of them broken the terms of their contract.

After winning La Liga last year, Mourinho had signed a new four-year deal with the Merengues.

The compensation package was believed to be a potential obstacle to his return to Stamford Bridge, where Chelsea owner Roman Abramovich paid Mourinho and his coaching staff some $27 million after his contract ended early in 2007.

Paris Saint-Germain coach Carlo Ancelotti, who formerly led Chelsea himself, is rumored to be Mourinho’s replacement.

On Monday, Perez denied that any deal has been agreed to replace the former Inter Milan and Porto manager.


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“We have no pre-contract signed with any managerial candidate,” he said. “It’s something we’ll have to look at in the coming days.”

Ancelotti confirmed on Sunday that he had asked to leave the French champions, while the club’s Qatari owners suggested he already had an agreement in place with Real.

Desperate to be crowned champions of Europe for a record tenth time, with their last success dating back to 2002, Real Madrid turned to Mourinho just days after he lifted the Champions League with Inter Milan, ending a barren 35-year run for the Italians.

Yet the Portuguese was beaten in the semifinals of the competition each year with Real, who were knocked out by Borussia Dortmund last month.

Without a trophy in the two years prior to his arrival, Mourinho did at least return silverware to the club – winning the Copa del Rey in his first season in charge.

In 2012, he guided Real Madrid to their first league crown in four years and amassed a record tally of 100 points along the way, so eclipsing the previous best held by great rivals Barcelona.

A new deal soon followed but matters soured this season as Mourinho clashed with several star players, notably goalkeeper Iker Casillas — who was demoted from the first team in recent months — Sergio Ramos and Pepe.

During his 176 games in charge, Mourinho has led Madrid to 127 victories – losing just 22 games along the way.


Article source: http://edition.cnn.com/2013/05/20/sport/football/mourinho-real-madrid-football/index.html?eref=edition

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‘Kissing disease’


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Roger Federer played at the Australian Open in 2008 not knowing he had mono. At the height of his powers, he surprisingly needed 4.5 hours to beat Janko Tipsarevic in the third round. Roger Federer played at the Australian Open in 2008 not knowing he had mono. At the height of his powers, he surprisingly needed 4.5 hours to beat Janko Tipsarevic in the third round.

Federer advanced to the semifinals in Melbourne in 2008 but put in a sluggish performance in the last four, losing to eventual champion Novak Djokovic. He later revealed he had the illness. Federer advanced to the semifinals in Melbourne in 2008 but put in a sluggish performance in the last four, losing to eventual champion Novak Djokovic. He later revealed he had the illness.

Mario Ancic, a former top-10 player, was suffering from a severe case of mono during a Davis Cup series in 2007. He endured a lengthy layoff before returning to the tour but was never the same. He retired in 2011. Mario Ancic, a former top-10 player, was suffering from a severe case of mono during a Davis Cup series in 2007. He endured a lengthy layoff before returning to the tour but was never the same. He retired in 2011.

Robin Soderling handed Rafael Nadal his only loss at the French Open in 2009. But Soderling hasn't played since the summer of 2011. Now a father, he says he has come to terms with the possibility of never playing again. Robin Soderling handed Rafael Nadal his only loss at the French Open in 2009. But Soderling hasn’t played since the summer of 2011. Now a father, he says he has come to terms with the possibility of never playing again.

Andy Roddick, who was one of tennis' fittest players, couldn't understand why he was feeling fatigued in the summer of 2010. He played through the pain and was upset at Wimbledon. Andy Roddick, who was one of tennis’ fittest players, couldn’t understand why he was feeling fatigued in the summer of 2010. He played through the pain and was upset at Wimbledon.

Christina McHale, one of US tennis' brightest prospects, didn't play the end of the 2012 season. Symptoms that included sinus issues and a stomach illness stemmed from mono. Christina McHale, one of US tennis’ brightest prospects, didn’t play the end of the 2012 season. Symptoms that included sinus issues and a stomach illness stemmed from mono.

Heather Watson thought she was suffering from burnout in the spring. But it turned out to be mono. The promising British player has yet to return to the circuit, but hopes to play at the French Open.Heather Watson thought she was suffering from burnout in the spring. But it turned out to be mono. The promising British player has yet to return to the circuit, but hopes to play at the French Open.


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(CNN) — Christina McHale, energy sapped and unable to train properly, knew something was wrong last spring. Exercises McHale once did easily were becoming harder and getting through matches was proving difficult, too.

It was a surprise, since the young American prospect was considered a player with good stamina and has already earned a reputation for wearing down her opponents, not vice versa.

After a first-round victory at the French Open, McHale felt particularly exhausted.

“I won 6-4 in the third set, but I remember saying to my coach that I feel like I’ve just been hit by a bus,” the 21-year-old recalled.

At first McHale thought it was a sinus infection. Then a couple of months later, following the Olympic tennis event at Wimbledon, McHale picked up a stomach bug and had to go to hospital. Her ordeal dragged on.


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“I kept going back to the doctors because I wasn’t getting better,” McHale said. “I was still feeling very low on energy and they were like, ‘No, you should already be over the stomach virus.’ So then they started doing more tests, and that’s when they found out what it was.”

The diagnosis was mononucleosis, a viral illness that can linger for weeks, months or even years. It has earned the nickname of the “kissing disease” because it can get passed from one person to another through saliva. Fortunately for McHale, her bout was coming to an end.

McHale, though, isn’t the only tennis player in recent years to be afflicted with mono or the name it’s also known by, glandular fever.

Others on the list

Roger Federer, Andy Roddick, Robin Soderling, Mario Ancic and John Isner — all top 10 players at one stage or another — have been struck down, while Jarmila Gajdosova, Heather Watson, like McHale a player with promise, revealed she had mono in April.

Soderling and Ancic weren’t as lucky as the likes of Federer, McHale and Watson, who hopes to return to the tour by this month’s French Open, which starts this weekend. Indeed the severity of cases varies, as does an individual’s capacity to fight off and cope with infections.

Read: Injured Mrurray to miss French Open

Soderling, the French Open finalist in 2009 and 2010, hasn’t played since 2011 and it is looking increasingly likely that he won’t ever come back.

The Swede with the massive forehand — who handed Rafael Nadal his only defeat at Roland Garros — started to feel unwell in the spring of 2011 and later said it was a mistake to compete at Wimbledon that year.

Ancic, hailed as a potential winner at Wimbledon after reaching the semifinals in 2004, attempted to play through his flu-like symptoms during a Davis Cup series against Germany in 2007.

He said he felt so dizzy in his singles opener he missed a ball completely, but he still contested the doubles a day later.

He was ready to play the deciding fifth rubber if needed, although with Germany already clinching the tie he was replaced by a young Marin Cilic.


French Open champs on the future


Sharapova prepares for Roland Garros


Tennis Tips: Recovery footwork

“God saved me,” Ancic, known for his work ethic and willingness to play through injuries, said in an interview in 2007.

Ancic re-emerged on the tour but was never the same and a teary-eyed Croatian had to retire two years ago aged 26.

Andy Murray, the current world No. 2, feared he had mono four years ago, and it’s an illness he’s still wary of, telling the Daily Telegraph in March: “You can get run down and end up missing two or three months of the year because of an illness.

“Your immune system gets run down and then you lose weight. It’s happened with a lot of guys with glandular fever the last few years so it’s something everyone has to look into.”

Continuous travel, training

Former pro Justin Gimelstob isn’t surprised that tennis players are susceptible.

The players have to, at times, switch continents on a weekly basis, and they travel 10-11 months in a year.

Unlike golf, cricket or Formula One, others sports that require continual global travel, the players also push themselves to the limit physically.

The career of Gimelstob, who now commentates and serves as a player representative on the ATP World Tour’s board of directors, was blighted by a back injury.

“I think that’s the thing people don’t understand — the heightened intensity does damage to your body, immune system, energy levels, on the fitness of your muscles, ligaments, tendons,” Gimelstob said.

“It’s just a very tough sport. I truly believe that Nadal, Murray, (Novak) Djokovic and Federer, these guys aren’t only the best tennis athletes in the world, they are some of the best athletes in the world.

“There’s a whole culture of being tough and strong and pushing through pain and being a warrior.

“But I can tell you right now at 37 years old walking my dog, my body feels the brunt of probably doing a lot of things and pushing through barriers I probably shouldn’t have. That’s the product of an individual sport.”

Read: Serena ready for ‘ultimate challenge’

At first Leslie Findley, a consultant neurologist in England who has treated marathon runners, footballers and tennis players with mono, said it was a “myth” that those involved in tennis are more vulnerable than other athletes.

But he subsequently acknowledged that when factoring in their travel, the severity of the illness can intensify.


Maharajas play host


Tennis Tips: Overhead shot


On the court with ‘Baby Federer’

“We know people with fatigue illnesses related to the effects of viruses travel badly,” he said.

“If you take someone with a chronic fatigue syndrome and stick them on an airplane at (London’s) Heathrow to the United States they’ll do an eight-hour flight. That can have a devastating effect on them for days afterwards.”

Preventing mono can be difficult, but Findley said it’s important that players heed warnings. If they suddenly develop a cold, fever, sore throat or stomach issues, it’s vital to rest instead of continuing to train and play matches.

Stopping not easy

As Gimelstob pointed out and Findley knows through his own experience in working with sportsmen and women, that isn’t always easy.

“When you and I have the flu, we go to bed and within a week or two we’d be back to normal,” Findley said.

“Why these people get symptoms that go on for weeks, months and years is usually because — and I’m now generalizing — they don’t stop when they have the first symptoms and tend to push through, and they’re under stress.”

Diagnosing mono isn’t simple, either, said Findley.

He said there is a lack of specialists and that doing a battery of tests at the outset may not be efficient. He will usually spend nearly two hours talking to patients in a first consultation before making a clinical diagnosis.

“Then there are a limited number of blood tests that need to be done to make sure there is nothing else contributing to it,” Findley said.

The women’s tennis tour said in an email that player health and well being was a “priority.” But the age of many of its pros is another reason why tennis players would appear to be at risk.

“Mononucleosis most commonly occurs in people between the ages of 15 and 24, which is our athlete population,” said Kathleen Stroia, senior vice president, sport sciences and medicine transitions, with the WTA.

The men’s tour said in an email that mono “has not been of unusual concern for the players or the ATP Medical Services.”


The story behind Sharapova’s success


Radwanska: Playing Serena was tough


Ivan Lendl: There are plenty of champs

“Professional athletes are not immune to illnesses which affect the general public in general,” said Gary Windler, medical advisor to the ATP World Tour.

“While we are concerned about and take all injuries and illness seriously, and although some high profile players have suffered from glandular fever in recent years, the incidence of this particular illness amongst our players in general has not been unusually high.”

McHale didn’t think her tour needed to do more to help players.

“I think we’re probably more susceptible to getting it because our bodies are more run down from traveling so much,” she said.

“Also sometimes I take a water bottle — they all look the same — to the court and all of a sudden I’m like, ‘This wasn’t my water bottle.’ Sometimes it gets transferred like that.

“I know a lot of my friends have gotten it. They’re not athletes. For them it wasn’t a big issue. It’s amplified when you’re an athlete.”

Tough comeback for McHale

Her road back hasn’t been smooth.

McHale, like others before her, didn’t stop playing for a while. But after losing five straight matches, she finally decided to sit out the remainder of 2012 and not contest the European indoor swing. The losing streak rose to eight by the time this January’s Australian Open ended.

As high as No. 24 in the world last summer, her health issues largely contributed to her ranking sliding to 55th.

She has resumed training fully and played for nearly three hours against 2012 French Open finalist Sara Errani in Rome on Wednesday but knows she must be careful.

“They did tell me there’s a chance I could get a relapse, so I have to take it easy if I’m feeling extremely exhausted,” she said. “But I think I’m past that point. I don’t feel any side effects of what I had. I feel like I’m fully over it now. I was lucky my case wasn’t extremely bad like some others.”


Article source: http://edition.cnn.com/2013/05/20/sport/tennis/tennis-mono-federer/index.html?eref=edition

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Chelsea’s century of blooming color


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British artist Marc Quinn poses with his sculpture of an orchid in the Royal Horticultural Society garden on May 20, 2013. The world-famous gardening event is celebrating its centenary year. British artist Marc Quinn poses with his sculpture of an orchid in the Royal Horticultural Society garden on May 20, 2013. The world-famous gardening event is celebrating its centenary year.

Cacti are displayed on the Southfield Nursery stand on the press day at Chelsea Flower Show on May 20, 2013 in London, England. Cacti are displayed on the “Southfield Nursery” stand on the press day at Chelsea Flower Show on May 20, 2013 in London, England.

A flower-covered Mini Cooper in 2012, just one of the eye-catching creations for which Chelsea has become known in latter years. A flower-covered Mini Cooper in 2012, just one of the eye-catching creations for which Chelsea has become known in latter years.

Garden designer Diarmuid Gavin created an 80ft pyramid-shaped Westland Magical Garden' in 2012. He asked Chelsea Pensioners, retired soldiers who live in the Royal Hospital Chelsea, to pose for pictures on the pyramid.
Garden designer Diarmuid Gavin created an 80ft pyramid-shaped “Westland Magical Garden’” in 2012. He asked Chelsea Pensioners, retired soldiers who live in the Royal Hospital Chelsea, to pose for pictures on the pyramid.

Lupins on display in 2011 show, a reminder that, despite the celebrities and grand designs, flowers are at the heart of the showLupins on display in 2011 show, a reminder that, despite the celebrities and grand designs, flowers are at the heart of the show

Many of Chelsea's gardens showcase styles from around the world, such as this Tourism Malaysia Garden in 2011Many of Chelsea’s gardens showcase styles from around the world, such as this Tourism Malaysia Garden in 2011

The Victorian Aviary Garden at the 2010 Chelsea Flower ShowThe Victorian Aviary Garden at the 2010 Chelsea Flower Show

A bumblebee on a flower in the 2008 show. Sue Biggs says the detail of an individual flower can be as compelling as the grand vistas of the show.A bumblebee on a flower in the 2008 show. Sue Biggs says the detail of an individual flower can be as compelling as the grand vistas of the show.

In their distinctive red coats, old soldiers called Chelsea Pensioners are a familiar sight at Chelsea. Here, one comes face to face with the Beatrix Potter character Peter Rabbit, in 2003.In their distinctive red coats, old soldiers called Chelsea Pensioners are a familiar sight at Chelsea. Here, one comes face to face with the Beatrix Potter character Peter Rabbit, in 2003.

A show piece called the 4Head Garden of Dreams by designers Marney Hall and Heather Yarrow in the 2006 showA show piece called the “4Head Garden of Dreams” by designers Marney Hall and Heather Yarrow in the 2006 show

A Chelsea Pensioner inspects a 2004 work by Diarmuid Gavin called A Colourful Suburban Eden.A Chelsea Pensioner inspects a 2004 work by Diarmuid Gavin called “A Colourful Suburban Eden”.

A woman at the 1976 show blends in with her choice of hatA woman at the 1976 show blends in with her choice of hat

Hat to hat chat....two women in straw hats chat during a visit to the 1964 Chelsea Flower ShowHat to hat chat….two women in straw hats chat during a visit to the 1964 Chelsea Flower Show

Chelsea Flower Show was a fashionable place to be seen in 1958 as it is today.Chelsea Flower Show was a fashionable place to be seen in 1958 as it is today.

Smaller scale gardeners preparing for the 1955 showSmaller scale gardeners preparing for the 1955 show

Visitors relax to the sound of a band playing in the 1937 Chelsea Flower ShowVisitors relax to the sound of a band playing in the 1937 Chelsea Flower Show

Chelsea Flower Show has always been popular with the crowds, as this 1936 photograph shows. In 1979 turnstiles were introduced to prevent overcrowding and a ceiling has since been put on the number of tickets sold. Chelsea Flower Show has always been popular with the crowds, as this 1936 photograph shows. In 1979 turnstiles were introduced to prevent overcrowding and a ceiling has since been put on the number of tickets sold.

And an earlier age...gardeners carrying pots of flowers during the 1931 Chelsea Flower ShowAnd an earlier age…gardeners carrying pots of flowers during the 1931 Chelsea Flower Show

A staff photograph from the first Chelsea Flower Show in the Royal Hospital Chelsea in 1913. Sue Biggs is planning to recreate this image with the present-day staff this year.A staff photograph from the first Chelsea Flower Show in the Royal Hospital Chelsea in 1913. Sue Biggs is planning to recreate this image with the present-day staff this year.


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Leading Women connects you to extraordinary women of our time — remarkable professionals who have made it to the top in all areas of business, the arts, sport, culture, science and more.

London (CNN) — It is 6am and Sue Biggs is surveying the preparations for the 100th anniversary of the Chelsea Flower Show.

A team of 800 people has spent three weeks converting 11 acres of playing fields into the world’s most prestigious horticulture show, as famous for attracting royalty and celebrities as garden enthusiasts.

Over five days each May, 157,000 visitors troop into the Royal Hospital Chelsea in west London to see 550 exhibitors displaying magnificent show gardens, new plants and new trends in gardening.

Watch: Royal visit to flower show

After 30 years in the travel industry, Biggs became director general of the Royal Horticultural Society — the charity behind Chelsea Flower Show — in 2010, and has already attracted a record number of members to the organization.

Sue Biggs, director general of the Royal Horticultural Society

“I was here at 6 o’clock this morning and the excitement is fantastic,” says Biggs. “There’s something very magical about Chelsea. If you love gardening, as I have since I was seven years old, Chelsea is the absolute pinnacle. I have to pinch myself that I’m seeing it take shape.

“This has been going on for 100 years, you are very aware of the heritage, the past that’s gone before and the great people who have walked this showground, whether royalty, celebrities or great gardeners.

“Whether you love the tiny detail of a plant or the great vistas of an elaborate garden, there’s always something you’ll find eye-wateringly beautiful.”


A royal visit to the Royal flower show

Chelsea Flower Show takes between 15 and 18 months to prepare, so even as the final touches are being added to this year, a team is well into planning for the 2014 show.

Extravagant displays at Chelsea in the past two years have included an 80ft “Magical Tower Garden” and a “Sky Garden” with a suspended “flying boat”, both by the Irish garden designer and television personality Diarmuid Gavin. This year Gavin is not exhibiting, and Biggs says the focus is more on plantmanship, although she has promised at least one surprise.

Biggs, 57, began gardening at the age of seven when her mother gave her a packet of seeds and her own piece of garden for her birthday.

“I was smitten the minute the seeds came into flower,” she says. “It takes you into another world, an oasis, it’s a great wind-down for me.”

Read: Famous daughters on what they learned from their moms

However, she was not trained in horticulture and had never worked in the industry until three years ago. Instead, Biggs went into the travel industry where she worked for 25 years for the upmarket operator Kuoni, rising to become managing director.

In 1999, when she joined the board of Kuoni, she became the youngest ever director, the first female director and the first non-Swiss director.

“I went to Zurich for a celebratory weekend with the board, and they presented me with a card saying ‘Congratulations Sue, finally we have someone to iron our shirts’. They’d be shot for that now, but at the time I found it funny.”

Biggs, a longtime member of the Royal Horticultural Society, became its director general in 2010 after her husband spotted an advertisement in a Sunday newspaper and suggested a change of career.

“I laughed at him at first, but he said ‘you love gardening, you’d love it,’ she says. “I decided to apply and by some miracle they chose me.”

Biggs has worked on ridding the 209-year-old society of its exclusive image, promoting its charity work and has pushed membership numbers over 400,000 for the first time.

“It was never intentional, but it was seen as a gardening club for posh people. We have tried to be much more open and engage people. It’s helped us to achieve a record number of members,” she says.

She has overseen the sale of one of the society’s properties in London and used the money to invest in charity work, from promoting horticulture as a career option and funding plant research to opening an urban garden.

Read: Meet Saudi Arabia’s first female lawyer

“It’s one of my frustrations that people don’t know the RHS is a charity,” she says. “We need to make people aware of the scientific research, the work in schools, prisons and communities that we do. All of that work is funded by the success of shows like Chelsea.”

Back at Chelsea, Biggs is preparing for another busy day from media interviews to overseeing the start of planting once all the structures, from pavilions and marquees to rocks, boulders and hedges are in place. She is wary of treading a fine line between tradition and innovation.

“Chelsea is the most successful flower show in the world, but it needs to always have something to surprise and delight people.”

Chelsea Flower Show runs from May 21-25 at the Royal Hospital Chelsea, London.


Article source: http://edition.cnn.com/2013/05/20/business/chelsea-flower-show-blooms-100-years/index.html?eref=edition

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India and China’s ancient dispute

Editor’s note: Jonathan Levine is a freelance journalist and contributing analyst at the geostrategic consulting firm Wikistrat. He is a frequent China commentator for leading international news sites and also works as a lecturer of American Studies at Tsinghua University in Beijing. You can follow him on Twitter
@LevineJonathan.

Beijing (CNN) — Chinese Premier Li Keqiang is in India on his first foreign trip since assuming the post and has begun diplomatic talks at a delicate time for the world’s two most populous nations.

Just weeks ago, the world witnessed the latest chapter in one of Asia’s least understood disputes when soldiers from China’s People’s Liberation Army crossed the border and set up an encampment in the mountains at the edge of the Indian region of Ladakh.

The troops have since withdrawn, but the incident served as a stark reminder of the smoldering problem that still bedevils the Asian behemoths.

The origins of the struggle for this charged corner of the world lies in the realpolitik and imperialism of the 19th and 20th centuries.

Jonathan Levine

According to a report by the U.S. Marine Corps Command and Staff College, the British, installed in their Indian colony, attempted to demarcate their holdings with the “Johnson Line.”

CNN iReport: Indians protest China’s incursion

Drawn by the surveyor, William Johnson in 1864, it claimed the area known as Aksai Chin as part of India’s Ladakh territory. The British later repudiated the line and, in 1899, replaced it with the Macartney-MacDonald line. The new line moved Aksai Chin back to China.


Disputed islands buzzing with activity


Huntsman: China, U.S. interests aligned


Richardson: China could fix Korea crisis

After World War I, the British reversed themselves again, placing Aksai Chin back in India, but never made any effort to exert formal authority. In 1947, newly independent India drew their border to reflect the more generous Johnson Line even though they had not exerted an iota of control over Aksai Chin for almost half a century.

The Ladakh incursion puts a wrinkle on what seemed to be a burgeoning era of Sino-Indian bonhomie. In recent years, both nations have bent over backwards to demonstrate their mutual good will.

Bilateral trade is expected to hit $100 billion by 2015, joint military exercises were held last year (after previously being suspended) and both sides had agreed to respect a more favorable boundary for China known as the “Line of Actual Control.”

READ: Does upsetting China matter?

But China’s recent advance beyond the de facto border is hardly without precedent.

According to The Times of India, China has violated the LAC more than 500 times since 2010. Though experts have described many of these transgressions as “routine,” and regular military contact exists between the two governments, any “mistake” that were to occur by the Chinese army on Indian soil could be volatile. Particularly in China, journalist-stoked jingoism can turn even the most banal activity into an absurd ballet of face-saving.

Far-fetched? In 2002, American soldiers in South Korea accidentally ran over and killed two 14-year-old girls. The Yangju Highway Incident, as it became known, sparked a fury of anti-American protests and severely tested the U.S.-Korea relationship — and America was there legally. How would India and China resolve a similar incident?

READ: Why America and China can’t trust each other

“Mistakes can be made,” said Anil Gupta, professor of strategy globalization, at the University of Maryland at College Park and co-founder of the China-India Institute. “However, I do not believe that either China or India is looking for a fight.” Gupta stressed that China’s latest incursion should be seen in a regional context as a test of “muscle-flexing” and that its actions were not indicative of any real desire to acquire new territory.

Muscle-flexing or not, what is certain is that in recent years China has become a very bad neighbor. Their Indian claims extend over a 6,530-kilometer (4,057-mile) border, which includes a sizeable chunk of the Indian state of Arunachal Pradesh and large swaths of Bhutan. In the last year the world saw the strident revival of China’s long dormant claim to the Senkaku/Diaoyu Islands, as well as a string of others extending as far south as the James Shoal, a mere 80 kilometers (50 miles) from the Malaysian coast.

While the risk of conflict between China and India will always remain until a final resolution is reached, going forward, there are reasons to believe that the two sides will be able to continue on a relatively peaceful track.

China’s relationship with India is far more benign than its one with their other regional antagonist, Japan. The 1962 Sino-Indian war, fought for this very territory, is all but forgotten among Chinese citizens, while memories of Japanese hostilities during World War II are as raw as ever. As the Sinologist Susan Shirk reported in her book: “China: Fragile Superpower,” China’s relationship with Japan is highly sensitive and thus subject to the counterproductive impulses of popular nationalism. By contrast, China’s relations with India stir no such emotions and are handled out of the spotlight with greater room to maneuver.

Economics too will likely promote cooler heads. As Gupta noted, India’s importance to China will only increase as India’s economy grows. As a market for exports and investments, he predicted that India would become an invaluable partner. “I see the next five years as high risk,” said Gupta. “Then I think we can all be a lot more relaxed.”

Unfortunately, it remains a truism that facts on the ground often move faster than governments’ ability to respond to them. In the absence of a resolution, the world can only hope that India and China succeed in kicking their differences down the road indefinitely, because if their dispute ever does come to a head, the consequences could be catastrophic.

Follow us on Twitter @CNNOpinion.

Join us on Facebook/CNNOpinion.

The opinions expressed in this commentary are solely those of Jonathan Levine.


Article source: http://edition.cnn.com/2013/05/20/opinion/levine-china-india-relations/index.html?eref=edition

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Yahoo! buys Tumblr for $1.1 billion in cash

Yahoo! buys Tumblr for $1.1 billion in cash

David Karp founded Tumblr in 2006 along with Marco Arment.


Yahoo! has officially announced it is to buy the popular blogging site Tumblr, for 1.1$billion (£723million) in cash.

The company made the announcement via its new official blog now hosted on Tumblr.

Revealingly, Marissa Mayer, the company’s CEO, followed her opening remark of “I’m delighted to announce that we’ve reached an agreement to acquire Tumblr” with “we promise not to screw it up.”

Mayer revealed that founder and CEO, David Karp, will be staying on as CEO for the time being as Yahoo! will run Tumblr independently from Yahoo! She further aimed to reassure users, adding “The product roadmap, their team, their wit and irreverence will all remain the same as will their mission to empower creators to make their best work and get it in front of the audience they deserve. Yahoo! will help Tumblr get even better, faster.”

Karp posted on his own blog, adding “We’re elated to have the support of Yahoo and their team who share our dream to make the internet the ultimate creative canvas [...] Tumblr gets better faster with more resources to draw from.”

The deal is being seen as a positive one for both parties with Yahoo! acquiring a huge user base and Tumblr’s shareholders receiving a high price for their shares. At last evaluation the company was only valued at $800million, making today’s purchase a significant increase.

Tumblr
Tumblr is a short-form blogging site that was founded only six years ago by David Karp and Marco Arment (who left the company in 2010 to start instapaper). It has already reached over 100 million blogs with over 300 million unique visitors visiting the site everyday. These figures will, Yahoo! estimates, grow the company’s audience by 50 percent and its overall traffic by 20 percent.

Tumblr has, however, struggled so far to make money, with it bringing in only $13million in 2012, according to a report by Forbes magazine.

Yahoo!
Meanwhile, Yahoo remains a giant in the internet world, with around 700 million unique visitors a month, despite a dwindling presence in search engine usage. The majority of its revenues come from advertising, which ties in well with potential monetising strategies for a blogging platform.

However, the company shed more than 1,000 jobs during 2012 and has long been internally divided over whether to focus on media production or on technologies and services.

Will Yahoo! be able to make a success of Tumblr? Let us know your thoughts in the comments?

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India and China: A century-long dispute

Editor’s note: Jonathan Levine is a freelance journalist and contributing analyst at the geostrategic consulting firm Wikistrat. He is a frequent China commentator for leading international news sites and also works as a lecturer of American Studies at Tsinghua University in Beijing. You can follow him on Twitter
@LevineJonathan.

Beijing (CNN) — Chinese Premier Li Keqiang is in India on his first foreign trip since assuming the post and has begun diplomatic talks at a delicate time for the world’s two most populous nations.

Just weeks ago, the world witnessed the latest chapter in one of Asia’s least understood disputes when soldiers from China’s People’s Liberation Army crossed the border and set up an encampment in the mountains at the edge of the Indian region of Ladakh.

The troops have since withdrawn, but the incident served as a stark reminder of the smoldering problem that still bedevils the Asian behemoths.

The origins of the struggle for this charged corner of the world lies in the realpolitik and imperialism of the 19th and 20th centuries.

Jonathan Levine

According to a report by the U.S. Marine Corps Command and Staff College, the British, installed in their Indian colony, attempted to demarcate their holdings with the “Johnson Line.”

CNN iReport: Indians protest China’s incursion

Drawn by the surveyor, William Johnson in 1864, it claimed the area known as Aksai Chin as part of India’s Ladakh territory. The British later repudiated the line and, in 1899, replaced it with the Macartney-MacDonald line. The new line moved Aksai Chin back to China.


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After World War I, the British reversed themselves again, placing Aksai Chin back in India, but never made any effort to exert formal authority. In 1947, newly independent India drew their border to reflect the more generous Johnson Line even though they had not exerted an iota of control over Aksai Chin for almost half a century.

The Ladakh incursion puts a wrinkle on what seemed to be a burgeoning era of Sino-Indian bonhomie. In recent years, both nations have bent over backwards to demonstrate their mutual good will.

Bilateral trade is expected to hit $100 billion by 2015, joint military exercises were held last year (after previously being suspended) and both sides had agreed to respect a more favorable boundary for China known as the “Line of Actual Control.”

READ: Does upsetting China matter?

But China’s recent advance beyond the de facto border is hardly without precedent.

According to The Times of India, China has violated the LAC more than 500 times since 2010. Though experts have described many of these transgressions as “routine,” and regular military contact exists between the two governments, any “mistake” that were to occur by the Chinese army on Indian soil could be volatile. Particularly in China, journalist-stoked jingoism can turn even the most banal activity into an absurd ballet of face-saving.

Far-fetched? In 2002, American soldiers in South Korea accidentally ran over and killed two 14-year-old girls. The Yangju Highway Incident, as it became known, sparked a fury of anti-American protests and severely tested the U.S.-Korea relationship — and America was there legally. How would India and China resolve a similar incident?

READ: Why America and China can’t trust each other

“Mistakes can be made,” said Anil Gupta, professor of strategy globalization, at the University of Maryland at College Park and co-founder of the China-India Institute. “However, I do not believe that either China or India is looking for a fight.” Gupta stressed that China’s latest incursion should be seen in a regional context as a test of “muscle-flexing” and that its actions were not indicative of any real desire to acquire new territory.

Muscle-flexing or not, what is certain is that in recent years China has become a very bad neighbor. Their Indian claims extend over a 6,530-kilometer (4,057-mile) border, which includes a sizeable chunk of the Indian state of Arunachal Pradesh and large swaths of Bhutan. In the last year the world saw the strident revival of China’s long dormant claim to the Senkaku/Diaoyu Islands, as well as a string of others extending as far south as the James Shoal, a mere 80 kilometers (50 miles) from the Malaysian coast.

While the risk of conflict between China and India will always remain until a final resolution is reached, going forward, there are reasons to believe that the two sides will be able to continue on a relatively peaceful track.

China’s relationship with India is far more benign than its one with their other regional antagonist, Japan. The 1962 Sino-Indian war, fought for this very territory, is all but forgotten among Chinese citizens, while memories of Japanese hostilities during World War II are as raw as ever. As the Sinologist Susan Shirk reported in her book: “China: Fragile Superpower,” China’s relationship with Japan is highly sensitive and thus subject to the counterproductive impulses of popular nationalism. By contrast, China’s relations with India stir no such emotions and are handled out of the spotlight with greater room to maneuver.

Economics too will likely promote cooler heads. As Gupta noted, India’s importance to China will only increase as India’s economy grows. As a market for exports and investments, he predicted that India would become an invaluable partner. “I see the next five years as high risk,” said Gupta. “Then I think we can all be a lot more relaxed.”

Unfortunately, it remains a truism that facts on the ground often move faster than governments’ ability to respond to them. In the absence of a resolution, the world can only hope that India and China succeed in kicking their differences down the road indefinitely, because if their dispute ever does come to a head, the consequences could be catastrophic.

Follow us on Twitter @CNNOpinion.

Join us on Facebook/CNNOpinion.

The opinions expressed in this commentary are solely those of Jonathan Levine.


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Chelsea Flower Show blooms 100 years


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A flower-covered Mini Cooper in 2012, just one of the eye-catching creations for which Chelsea has become known in latter years A flower-covered Mini Cooper in 2012, just one of the eye-catching creations for which Chelsea has become known in latter years

Garden designer Diarmuid Gavin created an 80ft pyramid-shaped Westland Magical Garden' in 2012. He asked Chelsea Pensioners, retired soldiers who live in the Royal Hospital Chelsea, to pose for pictures on the pyramid.
Garden designer Diarmuid Gavin created an 80ft pyramid-shaped “Westland Magical Garden’” in 2012. He asked Chelsea Pensioners, retired soldiers who live in the Royal Hospital Chelsea, to pose for pictures on the pyramid.

Lupins on display in 2011 show, a reminder that, despite the celebrities and grand designs, flowers are at the heart of the showLupins on display in 2011 show, a reminder that, despite the celebrities and grand designs, flowers are at the heart of the show

Many of Chelsea's gardens showcase styles from around the world, such as this Tourism Malaysia Garden in 2011Many of Chelsea’s gardens showcase styles from around the world, such as this Tourism Malaysia Garden in 2011

The Victorian Aviary Garden at the 2010 Chelsea Flower ShowThe Victorian Aviary Garden at the 2010 Chelsea Flower Show

A bumblebee on a flower in the 2008 show. Sue Biggs says the detail of an individual flower can be as compelling as the grand vistas of the show.A bumblebee on a flower in the 2008 show. Sue Biggs says the detail of an individual flower can be as compelling as the grand vistas of the show.

In their distinctive red coats, old soldiers called Chelsea Pensioners are a familiar sight at Chelsea. Here, one comes face to face with the Beatrix Potter character Peter Rabbit, in 2003.In their distinctive red coats, old soldiers called Chelsea Pensioners are a familiar sight at Chelsea. Here, one comes face to face with the Beatrix Potter character Peter Rabbit, in 2003.

A show piece called the 4Head Garden of Dreams by designers Marney Hall and Heather Yarrow in the 2006 showA show piece called the “4Head Garden of Dreams” by designers Marney Hall and Heather Yarrow in the 2006 show

A Chelsea Pensioner inspects a 2004 work by Diarmuid Gavin called A Colourful Suburban Eden.A Chelsea Pensioner inspects a 2004 work by Diarmuid Gavin called “A Colourful Suburban Eden”.

A woman at the 1976 show blends in with her choice of hatA woman at the 1976 show blends in with her choice of hat

Hat to hat chat....two women in straw hats chat during a visit to the 1964 Chelsea Flower ShowHat to hat chat….two women in straw hats chat during a visit to the 1964 Chelsea Flower Show

Chelsea Flower Show was a fashionable place to be seen in 1958 as it is today.Chelsea Flower Show was a fashionable place to be seen in 1958 as it is today.

Smaller scale gardeners preparing for the 1955 showSmaller scale gardeners preparing for the 1955 show

Visitors relax to the sound of a band playing in the 1937 Chelsea Flower ShowVisitors relax to the sound of a band playing in the 1937 Chelsea Flower Show

Chelsea Flower Show has always been popular with the crowds, as this 1936 photograph shows. In 1979 turnstiles were introduced to prevent overcrowding and a ceiling has since been put on the number of tickets sold. Chelsea Flower Show has always been popular with the crowds, as this 1936 photograph shows. In 1979 turnstiles were introduced to prevent overcrowding and a ceiling has since been put on the number of tickets sold.

And an earlier age...gardeners carrying pots of flowers during the 1931 Chelsea Flower ShowAnd an earlier age…gardeners carrying pots of flowers during the 1931 Chelsea Flower Show

A staff photograph from the first Chelsea Flower Show in the Royal Hospital Chelsea in 1913. Sue Biggs is planning to recreate this image with the present-day staff this year.A staff photograph from the first Chelsea Flower Show in the Royal Hospital Chelsea in 1913. Sue Biggs is planning to recreate this image with the present-day staff this year.


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Leading Women connects you to extraordinary women of our time — remarkable professionals who have made it to the top in all areas of business, the arts, sport, culture, science and more.

London (CNN) — It is 6am and Sue Biggs is surveying the preparations for the 100th anniversary of the Chelsea Flower Show.

A team of 800 people has spent three weeks converting 11 acres of playing fields into the world’s most prestigious horticulture show, as famous for attracting royalty and celebrities as garden enthusiasts.

Over five days each May, 157,000 visitors troop into the Royal Hospital Chelsea in west London to see 550 exhibitors displaying magnificent show gardens, new plants and new trends in gardening.

Sue Biggs, director general of the Royal Horticultural Society

After 30 years in the travel industry, Biggs became director general of the Royal Horticultural Society — the charity behind Chelsea Flower Show — in 2010, and has already attracted a record number of members to the organization.

“I was here at 6 o’clock this morning and the excitement is fantastic,” says Biggs. “There’s something very magical about Chelsea. If you love gardening, as I have since I was seven years old, Chelsea is the absolute pinnacle. I have to pinch myself that I’m seeing it take shape.

“This has been going on for 100 years, you are very aware of the heritage, the past that’s gone before and the great people who have walked this showground, whether royalty, celebrities or great gardeners.

“Whether you love the tiny detail of a plant or the great vistas of an elaborate garden, there’s always something you’ll find eye-wateringly beautiful.”

Chelsea Flower Show takes between 15 and 18 months to prepare, so even as the final touches are being added to this year, a team is well into planning for the 2014 show.

Extravagant displays at Chelsea in the past two years have included an 80ft “Magical Tower Garden” and a “Sky Garden” with a suspended “flying boat”, both by the Irish garden designer and television personality Diarmuid Gavin. This year Gavin is not exhibiting, and Biggs says the focus is more on plantmanship, although she has promised at least one surprise.

Biggs, 57, began gardening at the age of seven when her mother gave her a packet of seeds and her own piece of garden for her birthday.

“I was smitten the minute the seeds came into flower,” she says. “It takes you into another world, an oasis, it’s a great wind-down for me.”

Read: Famous daughters on what they learned from their moms

However, she was not trained in horticulture and had never worked in the industry until three years ago. Instead, Biggs went into the travel industry where she worked for 25 years for the upmarket operator Kuoni, rising to become managing director.

In 1999, when she joined the board of Kuoni, she became the youngest ever director, the first female director and the first non-Swiss director.

“I went to Zurich for a celebratory weekend with the board, and they presented me with a card saying ‘Congratulations Sue, finally we have someone to iron our shirts’. They’d be shot for that now, but at the time I found it funny.”

Biggs, a longtime member of the Royal Horticultural Society, became its director general in 2010 after her husband spotted an advertisement in a Sunday newspaper and suggested a change of career.

“I laughed at him at first, but he said ‘you love gardening, you’d love it,’ she says. “I decided to apply and by some miracle they chose me.”

Biggs has worked on ridding the 209-year-old society of its exclusive image, promoting its charity work and has pushed membership numbers over 400,000 for the first time.

“It was never intentional, but it was seen as a gardening club for posh people. We have tried to be much more open and engage people. It’s helped us to achieve a record number of members,” she says.

She has overseen the sale of one of the society’s properties in London and used the money to invest in charity work, from promoting horticulture as a career option and funding plant research to opening an urban garden.

Read: Meet Saudi Arabia’s first female lawyer

“It’s one of my frustrations that people don’t know the RHS is a charity,” she says. “We need to make people aware of the scientific research, the work in schools, prisons and communities that we do. All of that work is funded by the success of shows like Chelsea.”

Back at Chelsea, Biggs is preparing for another busy day from media interviews to overseeing the start of planting once all the structures, from pavilions and marquees to rocks, boulders and hedges are in place. She is wary of treading a fine line between tradition and innovation.

“Chelsea is the most successful flower show in the world, but it needs to always have something to surprise and delight people.”

Chelsea Flower Show runs from May 21-25 at the Royal Hospital Chelsea, London.


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